E/A DEVICE
Energy Absorbing device, usually a device for
absorbing impact energy.
EA
1) Energy Absorbing. 2) Engineering Assignment. The
initial order from tool planning requesting tool design to proceed with design
or assembly fixtures.
EAO
European Automotive Operations
EARLY WARNING NOTIFICATION
(EWN) A notification to the Automotive Assembly
division (or equivalent) that a specific part is to be deleted as the result of
a pending release action. This controls the procurement of certain production
parts.
EARTH-FIXED AXIS SYSTEM
(X,Y,Z)
This system is a right-hand orthogonal axis system fixed on the
earth. The trajectory of the vehicle is
described with respect to this earth-fixed axis system. The X and Y-axis are in
a horizontal plane and the Z-axis is directed downward
EASL
(Engineering Approved Source List) A list of
suppliers approved by the Engineering Office and the Procurement & Office
Supply. (Chrysler derived)
EASY SIGN
A hand signal indicating the train is to move
slowly.
ECCENTRIC FORCE
An eccentric force is a force which is not directed
through the center of gravity of a vehicle.
The term refers to forces generated as a result of collision.
ECCENTRIC THRUST
A thrust which is not towards the center of mass of
the vehicle or other object in collision.
ECM
Electronic Control Module. ( Detroit )
ECR
Engineering Change Request. Request from any plant
or department requesting tool design to proceed with design or assembly
fixtures.
EDGE LINE
A line which indicates the edge of the roadway.
EE
Engineering Estimate
EFFECTIVE ROLLING RADIUS
(R e) is the ratio of the linear velocity of the
wheel center in the X 1 direction to the spin velocity.
EFFECTIVE STATIC DEFLECTION
Effective static deflection of a loaded suspension
system equals the static load divided by the spring weight of the system at
that load. Total static deflection and effective static deflection are equal
when the spring rate is constant.
EGG CRATE
A complex grille work made o intersecting planes,
usually with more depth than can be obtained by stamping.
EGR
Exhaust gas recirculation.
EIGHT D
(Eight Discipline, 8D) is a formal, root cause
oriented approach to problem solving. (Ford derived)
ELASTIC COLLISION
(See Collision, Elastic.)
ELASTICITY
The property of a material which causes it to
return to its original shape after deformation.
ELASTOMER
An elastic rubberlike substance, such as natural or
synthetic rubber.
ELECTRIC BRAKES
Electric brakes are similar to and function in the
same way as mechanics' friction brakes.
However, the actuation is different.
The electromechanical components comprise a friction clutch which
generates a terse. This force is in
turn amplified by cams which force the brake shoes against the brake drum.
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE
A locomotive which receives electric power from an
overhead contact wire or third rail and uses the power to drive electric motors
connected by gears to the driving axles.
ELECTRICAL LINE ADAPTER
See adapter.
ELECTRICALLY LOCKED SWITCH
A hand operated switch equipped with an
electrically controlled device which restricts the movement of the switch.
ELECTROLYTE
A chemical solution (usually sulfuric acid and
water) that covers the positive and negative plates in the cells of an
automotive storage battery, it reacts with the chemicals of the plates to
produce voltage and current flow.
ELECTRONIC SEQUENCING MODULE
An electronic device employing an integrated
circuit and associated timing, protection and control components which provides
logical control of the ignition interlock system.
ELECTRONIC INTEGRATION
Making electronically controlled components work
together.
ELEVATION
Two-dimensional drawing of vehicle viewed from
front, side, or rear.
ELEVATOR
(Slang) A
hydraulic or electrically powered end gate on a truck or trailer.
ELPO
(Electrophoretic Priming Operation) body and primer
have opposite electric charges and primer "plates out" on body in
immersion paint process.
EMBARGO
To resist or prohibit the acceptance and handling
of freight. A formal notice that
certain freight will not be accepted.
EMBLEM
A decorative part used for identification.
EMERGENCY
(air line)
See air lines.
EMERGENCY APPLICATION
A quick heavy reduction of brake pipe pressure made
when a train must be stopped in the minimum distance possible. An emergency application may also occur when
a brake pipe is broken, or when air hoses between cars are disconnected with
angle cocks open.
EMERGENCY BRAKE RELEASE
Will override the spring brake control in the event
air pressure is lost. You must hold it
while pulling out on the spring brake control.
For emergency use only.
EMERGENCY BRAKE VALVE
A valve for applying the train brakes in emergencies. It is connected to the brake pipe by a
branch pipe and operated by releasing brake pipe air to the atmosphere.
EMERGENCY RATE (freight)
A rate established to meet some immediate and
pressing need, and without due regard to the usual rate factors.
EMERGENCY RESERVOIR
A part of the AB air brake system to provide quick
recharge, graduated release and high emergency cylinder pressure. It supplements the supply from the auxiliary
reservoir.
EMERGENCY STOP
See stop and emergency stop.
EMI
Electro-Magnetic Interference
EMISSION
Refers to gases and other materials vented to the
atmosphere by the exhaust system.
EMPTY CAR BILL
Way bills used to move ordinary empty cars from one
station to another.
ENACT
Engineering Application of Computer Technology
ENCROACHMENT
The act of intruding or going beyond the proper
limits, such as encroachment on another lane of traffic.
END DOOR
A door in the end of a car. In some box cars this door is used for
loading and unloading long material which can not be handled through the side
door. Sometimes called a lumber door.
END YOKE
Yoke-shaped forging forming part of universal joint
connecting driveshaft to transmission or axle.
ENDURO
A motorcycle that has the required equipment for on
street operation but also has the tires and suspension for off road use.
ENERGY
(e): Defined as the ability to do work. Since this energy is measured in terms of
its work, potential or accomplished, it is a scalar quantity and is recorded in
the same units (ft*lb).
ENERGY PARTITION
How the collision energy is divided between
colliding vehicles.
ENERGY, CONSERVATION OF
The principle of physics which states that the
amount of energy in a closed system is constant regardless of the changes in
the form of that energy.
ENERGY, KINETIC
Energy due to motion
ENERGY, POTENTIAL
Energy due to position.
ENGINE
A unit propelled by any form of energy or a
combination of such units operated from a single control, used in train or yard
service.
Number of cylinders that have the engine brake feature (cylinders) enabled. ( Detroit )
ENGINE GUARDS
Metal tubes attached to the frame to protect the engine casing in the event of an upset.
Engine Hour
Engine hours at time of the data extraction or at the time of an event. ( Detroit )
Engine Speed
The Engine Speed Histogram graph depicts the Histogram percentage of the total Trip Time the engine speed fell within the given band. ( Detroit )
Engine Utilization
Trip Time divided by Trip Calendar Time. ( Detroit )
ENGINE WATER JACKETS
Hollow chambers that surround the cylinders and
other parts exposed to high temperatures in the engine. They circulate coolant around engine parts
to cool them.
ENGINEERING FEASIBILITY
This is normally when the acceptability of a
specific feature has been agreed to by the Executive Engineers of the
responsible "Vehicle" and Component Design activities.
ENGINEERING PRODUCT ASSUMPTIONS
A compendium of Engineering information which
normally includes Body Models and Series; Engine, Transmissions, Axles, Exhaust
and Brake availability; Systems and Component Design Descriptions (including
interchangeability); Serviceability Objectives; product Acceptance
Specifications; Regular Production Options and Program Timing Plans.
ENGINEERING PROTOTYPE
A vehicle which carries the chassis, including
engine and driveline components, the body and sheet metal, to be released for
Job No. 1 of a specific model program; ornamentation required for a design
check and durability testing is to be included. Paint and trim materials may or
may not be used in accordance with Engineering releases (Normally 13 months
prior to Job #1.)
ENGINEERING SIGN-OFF
A notification to BAO-Assembly, Preproduction
Control, Program Planning, etc., that all pertinent testing (including Function
and Fit and Durability) has been completed as follows: (Normally 6 months prior
to Job #1.)
ENGINEERS BRAKE VALVE (air brake)
A brake valve in the locomotive for operating the
brakes of the train.
ENGINEMAN
The driver or operator of a locomotive. Also called engineer.
ENROUTE
On the way to a destination.
ENROUTE INSPECTION
See inspection.
ENTRY (CUSTOMS)
A statement of the kinds, quantities, and values of
goods imported together with duties due, if any, and declared before a customs
officer or other designated officer
ENVIRONMENTAL
Relating to the environment (air, water,
land). Air and water pollution are
environmental problems.
EO
(Engineering Order) Document used for transmitting
information, material instructions and specifications switching the engineering
activity.
EPA
Federal Environment Protection Agency
EPR
Engineering Planning Report
EQUALIZING HITCH
An equalizing hitch is a trailer hitch which
distributes the tongue load to the front wheels as well as to the rear wheels
of the towing vehicle.
EQUILIBRIUM
The state of a body when the forces acting on it
combine to maintain the body at rest or in motion with constant velocity. Requirements: A. The vector sum of
all forces acting on the body must be zero. B. The sum of all the torque's
acting on the body must be zero. Et = 0
E fx = 0, E fy = 0 and E fz = 0
EQUIVALENT BARRIER SPEED
Most commonly used to describe the equivalent
impact speed into a flat rigid barrier to produce the same amount of crush as
is showing on a case vehicle. Somewhat
differently it can be defined as the speed needed in a rigid barrier impact to
produce the same crush energy as is accessed in a case vehicle. The concept of equivalent barrier speed is
only satisfactory when conditions of a given collision approximate to the
pattern of damage which occurs in the standard barrier test. The more a struck object varies from the rigid
barrier, the less satisfactory is the E.B.S..
For example, a car hitting a Styrofoam covered barrier at 30 M.P.H.
would exhibit less crush than would occur if there was no energy-absorbing foam
on the barrier. In an extreme case the
foam could be four feet thick and absorb most of the vehicles kinetic energy
leaving the car looking as if it had hit a rigid barrier at 5 M.P.H., when in
fact it was traveling at 30 M.P.H.
EQUIVALENT DRAG FACTOR
(fe): A
pure number indicating the deceleration of an object through a given distance
with multiple surfaces and/or irregular braking.
ER
(Engineering Release) Document used by the
engineering activity to transmit information to various Fisher departments and
the allied divisions of GM
ES
(Engineering Specifications) are documents that
contain necessary information to produce or evaluate parts. Such information is
typically related to function, performance and durability tests.
ESCAPE RAMP
A ramp on a steep downgrade that can be used by a
truck driver to stop a runaway truck when brakes have failed. The ramp often has a soft gravel surface and
forms a steep upgrade to stop the truck.
Sometimes called a runaway truck ramp.
ESCUTCHEON
An exposed panel or part used to retain, or to
hide, the retention of another part; e.g., keyhole, door release, or window
crank.
ES-M or MS
(Engineering Material Specifications or Material
specifications) are documents which describe a product material and define its
technical requirements which control function, endurance performance, physical
and mechanical properties.
ESTABLISHMENT
A continuing process during the "Redbook"
costing process and involves a close liaison between Manufacturing and
Engineering. Actions normally include but are not limited to the following: 1.
Advanced design, packaging and test of components. 2. Preliminary concurrence
in Manufacturing Feasibility by the appropriate Manufacturing activities. 3
Determination of preliminary weight, piece cost, tooling, facilities and timing
implications. 4. The basis for estimating piece cost-defined in the section
titled "Engineering A Model Year Program."
ETHER
Substance used as a starting aid for diesel engines
in freezing or subfreezing weather.
EU
Engineering Use
EVADING RESPONSIBILITY
Failure by a driver to comply with any legal
requirement regarding stopping, giving aid, and revealing identity following a
motor vehicle traffic accident in which he/she is involved.
EVASIVE
Tending Or seeking to evade. Evasive action is action taken to evade or
escape from a problem, danger, or hazard.
EWN
Early Warning Notice
EXCEPTIONS TO CLASSIFICATION
A
publication containing classification ratings (a percentage of first class) and
rules different (generally lower) from the classification ratings and rules
shown in the Uniform Freight Classification.
See Uniform Freight Classification.
EXCESS FREIGHT
Freight in excess of the quantity shown on freight
bill.
EXCHANGE BILL OF LADING
A bill of lading issued in exchange for another
bill of lading.
EXCITING FREQUENCY
Exciting frequency is the frequency of vibration of
the exciting force.
EXCLUSIVE USE OF TRUCK
A request made by a shipper on the bill of lading
for the sole use of a vehicle, i.e., no other freight to be carried.
EXEMPT CARRIER
Trucks hauling certain commodities are exempt from
Interstate Commerce Commission economic regulation. By far the largest portion of the exempt carriers transport
agricultural commodities or seafood.
EXHAUST MANIFOLD
That part of the exhaust system that carries the
exhaust gases from the cylinders to the exhaust pipe.
EXHAUST PIPE
Pipe connected to muffler through which exhaust
gases are released. See tailpipe and
stack.
EXHAUST PORTS
Connecting passages from the inside to the outside
of the cylinder heads.
EXHAUST STROKE
Phase of the four-stroke cycle when waste gases are
pushed out the exhaust valve.
EXHAUST VALVES
Open to discharge the burned gases from the
combustion chamber
EXPANDABLE
(trifler)
Flat bed trailer which can be expanded beyond its regular length to
carry larger shipments.
EXPEDITING
To accelerate a process. Expedited freight service is usually superior to normal
service. Dispatching less than truck
load quantities on a single truck for quick delivery is an example of expedited
service. Such service frequently
necessitates payment of "exclusive use of vehicle" freight charges.
EXPERIMENTAL FEASIBILITY
This is a minimum requirement for "new design
concepts" prior to the issuance of approved product assumptions. It is
established when the principle of the feature has been demonstrated by means of
an operating example. Normally this would require packaging and testing under
environmental conditions together with estimates of cost and facilities implications. Note: Where expediency warrants, it
may be necessary to waive the establishment of feasibility, at which time a
suitable agreement must be reached based on Engineering and Manufacturing
judgements.
EXPIRATION NOTICE
A notice in a tariff that all or some part of it
will expire at a stated time.
EXPORT
To send goods to a foreign country.
EXPORT RATE
A rate published on traffic moving from an interior
point to a port for trans-shipment to a foreign country.
EXTERNAL CONTRACTING BRAKE
A type of brake in which the brake shoes contract
against the outside of the brake drum.
EXTRA TRAIN
A train not included in a time table schedule.
EXTRUSION
A part or component formed by pushing material
(clay, plastic, metal) through a die by pressure, e.g., a molding.
EYE BALL
To establish or evaluate a surface or line by eye
without the aid of tools, templates, etc.
EYE LEAD TIME
Term used to describe the distance that a driver is
looking ahead on the road. A 12-second
eye lead time means that the driver is looking ahead the distance he will
travel in 12 seconds' time.
EYEBROW
A cowl or visor above a headlamp, instrument panel
or wheel opening.
EYELLIPSE
A two-dimensional range of eye positions,
representing several driver sizes, to define visual requirements.
References
Detroit Diesel
Caterpillar User's Manual